Zend avesta book in hindi
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A most meagre proportion only of the real religious and writings, the sacerdotal law and the liturgy, has been preserved to our time. On a comparative analysis of the rituals, names of Gods and Goddesses, names of warrior kings and religious advices, extremely surprising revelations in the form of similarities begin to appear. All those texts in which the grammar is handled, now with laxness and want of skill, and again with absolute barbarism, may probably be placed to the account of the Sassanian redactors. In English it has been translated and spelled as Zend Avesta. Zend Avesta, too, forbids a person to leave a home behind. He published a French translation in 1771, based on a language translation provided by a priest. It is very simple…….. English definition of Zend avesta : a collection of Zoroastrian texts gathered during the 4th or 6th centuries Tags: Hindi meaning of Zend avesta, Zend avesta meaning in hindi, Zend avesta ka matalab hindi me, Zend avesta translation and definition in Hindi language. The results of this undertaking, if it occurred, have not survived.
A note on Sanskrit pronunciation: please glance through before proceeding. My reproduction of Sanskrit is somewhat restricted due to my keyboard, but I tried my best to follow these conventions. The Vedas and the vedic knowledge were born in India. As time has flown by, many natural calamities and socio-political upheavals have modified the picture of this landmass to a large extent. But, in spite of this external transformation, there continues to flow in the heart of this land a thin yet strong current of rich collective heritage. One particular distributary of that current is the ancient Iranian Zoroastrian text Zend Avesta. The religion propagated by Zarathustra in ancient Iran was a branch of Vedic knowledge. Only the language differs: Iranian sometimes called Avestan or Old Iranian instead of Sanskrit. A search into the religious foundations of ancient Iran will lead us to believe that their ancestors were the very same people who propagated Vedic knowledge. In other words, ancient Iranians were from ancient India. Due to lack of productive work, they travelled to what we now called Iran. The very word Iran is only a spacio-temporal distortion of the word Aryan. As proof of this statement, I would like to present the following sloka from ManuSamhita: shanakaistu kriyaalopaadimaah kshatriyajaatayoh vrishalatvam gataaloke braahmanaadarshanena ca poundrkaashcodradaavidaah kambojaah yanaashokaah paaradaa pahlavaarshceenaah kiraataah daradaakhashaah Translation: The ancient name of Persia Paarasya in Sanskrit was Paarada. On breaking down of the family and other social structures, a section of kshatriyas came to be called as shoodra at first and yavana later. The inhabitants of Persia belong to that group. Iran, as we all know, is yet another ancient name for Persia. Now let us study the warriors of ancient India for further understanding of the matter at hand. The kshatriyas were broadly divided into two classes: candravamsheeya of the lineage of candra and suryavamsheeya of the lineage of surya. Several puraanas, including Markandeya Puraana and Vaayupuraana mention a candravamsheeya King Pururavaa and his Queen Ira. The same puraanas also describe a battle waged among the kshatriyas with the two aforementioned dynasties pitted against each other. It was as a result of this war that part of the cadravamsheeya kshatriyas had to immigrate to the modern Iran. On a comparative analysis of the rituals, names of Gods and Goddesses, names of warrior kings and religious advices, extremely surprising revelations in the form of similarities begin to appear. At places, the Avestan language is similar to the extent of being a mere dialect of Sanskrit. Even the notoriously anti-Indian historian and numismatist Col. James Tod, while writing about the ancient Median empire, talks of King Aja Medha of Brahmaavarta-varsha the name of India before it came to be called Bhaarata-varsha and his five sons. Two of those sons left India and travelled towards the north-west and in memory of their clan, name their north-western kingdom Medha-desha. This Medha-desha gradually got converted to Medes. In the section of Zend Avesta titled Vendidad, Ahura Mazda tells Zarathustra of the sixteen perfect lands, and the penultimate in that list is hapta-hindu, or sapta-sindhu. It is also mentioned that under the leadership of Jamshed, the people of that eastern land came down from higher mountains to a plain devoid of animals and human beings. Keep the map of our earth in your mind, and put together the inferences of aforementioned historians, the sloka penned down from ManuSamhita, follow the descriptions in Zend Avesta … and the reader shall stumble upon India. Now let us start studying the linguistic, socio-cultural and religious similarities of the ancient Iranians and the ancient Indians. First of all, the names and divisions of religious texts. The oldest religious texts of India: Veda. Different languages differ slightly in its pronunciation. In English it has been translated and spelled as Zend Avesta. Also notice the similarity between Iranian jan and Sanskrit jna. We find such distortions in Sanskrit plays. The Sanskrit word for God, devataa, explained as yaha dyotanam karoti saha devataa, means that which vibrates or oscillates. A detailed study of the Zend Avesta will assure the reader that this meaning is very much in the spirit of the monism in this book. Now let us inspect the divisions of the religious texts. Zend Avesta is divided into three parts: a yashna, b vendidad and c yashta. Yashna is a colloquial distortion of yagna. The rituals involving fires and invocations of Gods in the Zend Avesta bear uncanny resemblance to the vedic yagna. Moreover, yashna is also called gatha, and the exact same word is used in Sanskrit for the vedic prayers. What will a reader call the portrait of Ahura Mazda in Zend Avesta if not the Supreme Father? The book is full of worships and offerings to Him. The last and the third part, yashta, deals with social and cultural rules and regulations, much like the last and least ancient of the vedas, the atharva veda. The division of Zend Avesta into three parts, too, reflects the division of vedas. Before the time of Vyaasa, the author of Mahabharata and a great many other books, atharva veda did not exist as a seperate veda. Moreover: in India, even today a religious Hindu believes that all rites and rituals must be performed in Sanskrit. One does not find a Hindu cremating a loved one while reciting poems in Hindi, Bhojpuri, Bengali, Gujarati or Marathi. Every Hindu believes that the vedic chants hold some special power. Even the Zoroastrians share this faith. One will never find a ceremony where Ahura Mazda is being worshipped in a language other than the one in Zend Avesta. Just like the Indian Hindus, they too believe in a special divine power of that language. Is this not a heredity complex mirroring the vedic belief system? Lastly, let us analyze the grammar of the two languages. The Zend words amhai, kamhai and yesyaam carry the exact same meanings as their Sanskrit counterparts. From Atharva Veda: kasmai devaaya vidhema. From Zend Avesta: kamhai devaaya vidhema. In Zend, dog is called span. When used in singular as a predicate, the two languages use shvaanam and spaanam respectively. Used as the primary subject in a sentence: shvaa and spaa respectively. The corresponding word in Sanskrit is pathin. As singular subject in a sentence: panthaa Sanskrit and pantaa Zend. As plurals: panthaanah Sanskrit and pantaano Zend. A detailed comparison of these highly respected books, the Atharva Veda and Zend Avesta, establish that their philosophical, spiritual and religious statements are not just strikingly similar, they are exactly the same. Many indologists have arrived at the lightning quick conclusion that many parts of Atharva Veda have been lost due to wars, etc. The Persian Zoroastrians are none other than long lost brothers of Vedic Hindus from India. Even if great sages had, indeed, thought alike, it is impossible for them to come up with two different languages where there are thousands of homonyms and many of them have the same modifications for singularity-plurality, same modifications for subject-predicate, same modifications for active and passive voice, etc. Such astonishing resemblance cannot be called a mere coincidence. This resemblance is possible if and only if there is a common root or a common culture in the background. Cerain geographical and temporal changes in pronunciations are bound to occur. Such changes occur even within a single in modern India. The Bengali language of Darjeeling is not at all like the language in Kolkata which is nothing like the language in Dhaka. Tamil in Chennai is very different from Tamil in Madurai which is again very different from Tamil in Thirunelveli. The list of common words goes on and on: pitara father , maatara mother , duhitara daughter , pashu animal , go cow , makshi, housefly sharada, spring season vaata, abhra mica , vaidya physician , ritwija, namaste, manas mind , yama God of death , varuna God of clouds and water , aryaman, armati, ratha chariot , rathastha placed in or sitting in a chariot , gandharva, prashna question , atharvana, gatha, indra, deva God , jana, vajra, aja, jaanu …. In every case, the meaning is shared by the two languages. In spite of being away from their ancestral homeland, the ancient Iranians did not forget their heritage for a long long time. All historians agree that division of society along the four casts: brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya and shoodra is a uniquely Hindu creation that is to be found nowhere else. But we find this division in Zend Avesta. From purushasukta in Rig Veda: braahmanosya mukhamaaseed vaahu raajanya kritaha oorutadasyayadwaishyaha padbhyaam shoodraohajaayataha Translation: Brahmins came from the mouth of the Supreme father, Kshatriyas came from His arms, Vaishyas from his thighs and Shoodras from his feet. It is from this description that Hindus started creating heirarchies and divided the society in an indescribably rigid manner. However, these divisions were not decided by birth in the Vedic age. These were occupational divisions. Zend Avesta shares this with Hindu texts as the four divisions in Zoroastrianism. Is this division any different from the Hindu division into brahmins priestly cast , kshatriyas warriors , vaishyas bussiness people and shoodras labourer? The famous translator of Zend Avesta, Prof. Same is the case with ancient Persians. With the exception of huits, everyone may wear a sacred thread called kushti in Zend. Finally, I would like to show the reader that there are entire slokas common between the Vedas and Zend Avesta: mahaantaa mitraa varunaa samraajaa devaav asuraaha sakhe sakhaayaam ajaro jarimne agne martyaan amartyas tvam nah Rigveda: 10:87:21 Translation: O Supreme Being, you are fire, you are the sun, you are water. You have appeared to us as Father, as our ruler, as our friend and as our teacher. O Great Father, you are beyond aging but we are not. You are beyond death but we are not. In spite of that you have given us the great fortune to call you our friend. It is your immense mercy that has given a mortal the fortune to stay at your feet. In the 46th yashna Zarathustra worships thus: rafedhram cagvaatta yatapriyopraaya darhaddeet Gatha 10:2 Yashna 46:2 Translation: O Ahura Mazda, give me that joy which given to a loved one by a loved one. In the Vedas, one supreme being is worshipped who takes on several forms for the creation and sustainence of this universe: ekam sad vipraaha bahudhaa vadanti This ideology of monism is present throughout Zend Avesta. There are several occasions where we find the same rules being described in both. Vedas, for instance, forbid a person to take up the dharma of a sanyaasi a hermit. Zend Avesta, too, forbids a person to leave a home behind. Such innumerable examples point to the fact that Zend Avesta is the glorious disclosure of a forgotten part of the Vedas, and thus a part of Hindu and Indian history. This final sloka will manage to silence all those who are still not convinced. Not a single syllable is different: yadi antareekshe yadi vaate aasa yadi vriksheshu yadi bolapashu yad ashravan pashava ud-yamaanam tad braahmanam punar asmaan upaitu Atharva Veda 7:66; Zend Avesta Prishni, Chapteer 8, Gatha 12 Translation: O Lord! Whether you be in the sky or in the wind, in the forest or in the waves. No matter where you are, come to us once. All living beings restlessly await the sound of your footsteps. According to Parsi hostorical documents, the Aryans were nomads that descended from the North, and somewhere around 4000 B. The Persian branch later became Zarathushtis followers of Prophet Zarathushtra. This common heritage accounts for the similarity of Avesta and Sanskrit. It also accounts for some commonality in customs. However it is incorrect to say that Parsis anglicised to Persians or Zarathushtis were from India and travelled later to Persia. Both Sanskrit and Avesta are derived from an ancient some say Indo-European lanauage the parent of them both. Avesta does not derive from Sanskrit but from an older common language. Name the documents, give the references, and I shall be happy to correct myself if your claim is true. My claims are supported by ManuSamhita and several other texts, and every reference is mentioned in detail. I request you to do the same. Please see for yourself the geographical location of Turan. First of all could you tell me the name according to which historical documents? Could you tell me….. Saying according to is no one will agree…. If they were nomads…. According to you… Then why Zend Avesta is similar to Rigveda?? Rigveda itself mentioned the Name of Sarasvati river where it was composed. Then rigveda was composed before 1900 B. And if it is true Then we are residing on this land only more then 4200 years… And Dwarka city which is dated as atleast 12000 B. C And Mehragargh which is dated as 7000 B. C… then how could we came from Nomads…. There culture is similar like us because they are only a part of us… Nothing else… For further information you can search About Guru Shukracharya and Pro — Indo Iraninan religion and you can see which text is older Zend Avesta or rigveda….. Though they always put rigveda on third place because of eurocentric nature and still the theories are debunked but they never changed…. But for me Rigveda is the oldest text in the world. So saying anything is just not enough….. You has to tell proof… Just like me… Dwarka and all.. And I am completely agree with this post… Thanking you…. I agree with this article completely. The Vedic Texts are the oldest, older than any other scriptures in the world. Everything stems from the Vedas. The proof is in the Holy Book. The Aryans are only mentioned in the Ancient Indian Holy Book, which originated in Ancient India, which extended beyond what is India now, therefore Aryans born in India migrated to other parts of the world and took part of their heritage with them, hence the similarities. The birth of the Gods in the Vedas was in India and the areas mentioned in it were present before the Avesta, therefore proves taht everything originated India, the Sanskrit language is the oldest language in the world and thats where everything stems from. This type of debates, who came first and what originated from whom are endless, it gives just an intellectual satisfaction to so called scholars, even science has not been able to prove precisely where originally life form evolved, every era has a different analysis and will keep on changing in the future. The fact is all religion, scriptures leads to one God, the Creator, all humans need oxygen to inhale, land to stand, one sun to give energy, all dead bodies decay and changes into organic matter, the life of everything in this universe comes to an end, time for things are different. Teachings in all religious scriptures teach of a simple preaching, do unto others as you would have others do unto you, happiness to those who give happiness to others. Good thoughts, Good words, Good deeds. I have one more thing to point — Apart from Avesta, one more language which bears resemblance to Sanskrit is Latin, which was pointed out by William Jones. It appears as if Sanskrit is indeed the root of languages. Avesta is linked closely to the Vedas, yet Marxist Historians claim that Rig Veda, not Avesta, originated from Aryans who travelled from Iran into India. Looking at all facts, and references, it seems the Aryan civilization originated in India, and spread from there. Unfortunately, even with such evidence, school books and other literature mention such theories such as Aryan Invasion,or the Aryan Migration theory. Thank you for the delightful comment, Sagar. I will certainly look into the similarities between Sanskrit and Latin. But, as with Zoroastrianism and Sanskrit, I will need extensive help from a scholar who, in this case, should have a firm grasp of Latin grammar. I intend to shortly write an exposition depicting cetrain similarities between Sanskrit and Russian …. The note with which you end your comment is a sad picture indeed. The scholarly community of contemporary India has been doing a better job of hiding evidence than of providing it. The only way people can look past the lop-sided enlightenment of school and college education is to ask their own questions, and seek their own answers. Could you provide a persepective on this? I am currently working on a ppt on Sanskrit and its relation to other languages as well as on history of India — it has some material sourced from your site as well. Could I expect certain help from you in this regard? Please let me know on my personal email id — I would be thankful for this. I can send the recent deck which I have made if requested. Thanks The first language is the Arabic. The very clear proof for this statement is its first letter,ie the Alif. Naturally man starts with simple, then only goes to complex. Man starts with simple and then goes to complex? So, I guess the discovery of zero should have been the first in the field of mathematics. The roman numerals are insanely complex and inelegant, but they, too, were being used for hundreds of years by the Europeans before the current system came to them through the Arabic traders. Simplicity is elegant, and it takes a civilization to be mature in order to reach that stage. Having said that, I also understand that you have absolutely no knowledge of Sanskrit, or of the history of languages in general. The first letter you have pointed out is in the devanagari script, which is a relatively modern script. Ancient Sanskrit was never written using devanagari. Most importantly, please do not post comments that have nothing to do with the article. Thank you brother,you can re-think many times about my those comments in which i have been shown that those are not irrelative on your article. Wish you God bless. It is very nice to see that people are working on these kind of matter……In my view the entire so called history looks something like a fairytale……. It is very simple…….. If A resembled B it does not mean A came from B!! With due respect to you, B could have come from A too. What about a dash of archaeology? How come no one mentioned a painstakingly written, more scientific work called Vedic People? I am sorry to say, your slant of language reeks of bias. Science does not work that way, my friend. The eastern half of Iran which is closest to India is a desert. And hence the name. So it mean south Indians are following a Indo-Iranian religion…. Language ,dieties,rituals ,culture are commin between old avestan people and early rigvedic people …Meaning they belong to same stock later divided…one shifted to Iran other one is in North India…Even geneticall speaking north Indians share some genes which is present in people of central asian and iranian people which is not present in souther portion of India…Some of the genes we all of the Indians commonly share may be indigeneous one…some genes are exclusively present in south… Hey Ritwik, Good article, you seems to have a lit of understanding if vedic sanskrit. I have one question for you: why is Sanskrit classified under Indo-European languages. From what I can understand sanskrit along with some Mesopotamian languages and latin were the oldest. I fail to understand why it will be called as Indo-European. Can you elaborate on this. Artefacts in Hadappa sites show that religious concepts of them were different from vedic. Most scholars pointed out that the original homeland of the Aryans may Caspian belt , Anatolia present day turkey or Central Asia. So on the route of Iran comes first. The way they called their gods suggests that these two groups may be hostile to each other and settled seperately. So calling the Persian groups as yavanas or shoodras by the hostile group is but natural. The Puranas have very limited historical context and mention of migration of kshatriya clan after a puranic war is not a proof enough and does not mean that entire Iranian population evolved from that clan. The cultural boundary between India and Iran can not be defined. The Iranian origin people inhabit Larger part of Afghanistan ,Baluchistan and Khyber Phukthunwa which are considered as part of Rigvedic India. Iran has lost its valued scriptures during various invassions of the various rival civilisations and later on by Greeks and subsequently by islamisation whereas indian texts were preserved by voral traditions primarily by the Brahmins. So the knowledge Aryans carried may not be entirely indegenous to India but gained during their longer premigration history and influenced by Sumerian and Hittite civilisations which are much older. Remember the oldest writings of Egyptians and Sumerian writings predates Vedic literature by nearly 2000 years. The Aryan language and life was highly influenced by the pre-exitisting Harappan civilisation and adopted Harappan Gods. It is evident by the fact that our main deities or to say many a Gods we worship in our temples today find no mention in the Rigvedas. The quest for truth is the true intention of learning and all Cultures ,Languages and Relegions are great Dr. Nicholas Kazanas has shown by comparing more than 400 lexemes nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verbs with a common stem in three IE languages that of these Sanskrit lack about 50 and most of these are of doubtful IE descent as they are found only in Italic, Celtic and Germanic tongues and are of recent usage ; Germanic and Greek lack about 150 and the others 200 and more. Thus, Sanskrit has more of the common stock of vocabulary than any other IE language. For eg — Sapta — Hapta. Now look at Latin Septem, Roman Sette, Slovenian Sedem. On the other hand, it is quite rational to say that the Avestan people moved out of Saptasindhu taking with them the name Hǝptahǝndu and the river Haraxvaitī. Expert archaeologists of the area, Possehl and Bridget Allchin, tell us that Sarasvatī stopped flowing down to the ocean at about 3800 BC. Otherwise, the Indus would have been the best river! Harappans started leaving that area in around 1700 BC since the river started drying up not because Aryans started trickling in that period. Why would Aryans settle in dessicated lands?! Words like Ishtaka — brick are absent in the Rigveda, but present in the Yajurveda as well as in the Zend Avesta as Ishtya which shows that Avesta corresponds to a period after the Rigveda.
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